[1] |
Third District Court of Appeal State of Florida, July
Term, A.D. 2009 |
[2] |
No. 3D09-1389 |
[3] |
2009.FL.0004075 |
[4] |
December 2, 2009 |
[5] |
U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION AS TRUSTEE FOR THE
BENEFIT OF HARBORVIEW 2005-10 TRUST FUND, APPELLANT,
v.
DANNY TADMORE, DECEASED, ETC. ET AL., APPELLEES. |
[6] |
An appeal from a non-final order from the Circuit
Court for Miami-Dade County, Scott J. Silverman, Judge. Lower Tribunal No.
08-9114. |
[7] |
Adorno & Yoss, John J. Shahady, Jack R. Reiter
and Jordan S. Kosches, for appellant. |
[8] |
Siegfried, Rivera, Lerner De La Torre & Sobel,
Guillermo M. Mancebo and Vincent B. Flor; Gonzalo R. Dorta, for appellee. |
[9] |
The opinion of the court was delivered by: Wells, J. |
[10] |
Before WELLS, SHEPHERD, and CORTIŅAS, JJ. |
[11] |
In this mortgage foreclosure action, U.S. Bank
National Association ("the Bank") appeals from an order
obligating it to "diligently proceed with the [instant] pending
foreclosure action . . . within thirty (30) days" or pay monthly
maintenance fees on the condominium unit in foreclosure. We treat the
instant order as an order granting an injunction which we reverse because
there is no basis for imposing such fees as a sanction or otherwise in
this case. See, e.g., Hughes v. First Fed. Sav. & Loan Assoc., 621 So.
2d 557 (Fla. 4th DCA 1993) (finding that an order requiring a party to
deposit mortgage payments into the registry of the court as they accrued,
pending resolution of the foreclosure claim, was reviewable as an
injunction under Rule 9.130(a)(3)(B)). |
[12] |
This action commenced in February 2008 with the Bank
seeking to foreclose a first mortgage on a condominium unit owned by Danny
Tadmore. The Condominium Association for the property where this unit is
located was joined as a defendant in this action. The matter thereafter
was delayed first, because the original summons for Mr. Tadmore and his
unknown spouse was lost, and then, because Tadmore's estate had to be
added as a party after the Bank learned that he had expired. |
[13] |
On February 20, 2009, approximately a year after this
action was filed, the Condominium Association filed a motion to compel the
Bank to either proceed with its foreclosure action or to commence paying
the $939.56 monthly maintenance fee for the decedent's condominium unit to
the Association. At the time this motion was filed, no notice that the
case was ready to be set for trial had been filed and no Rule 1.420(e)
motion to dismiss for lack of prosecution had been made. See Fla. R. Civ.
P. 1.440(b) (providing that after an action is at issue, "any
party" may file and serve a "notice that the action is at issue
and ready to be set for trial"); see also Fla. R. Civ. P. 1.420(e)
(providing generally that where no activity appears on the face of the
record for a period of 10 months, notice is given, and no record activity
occurs within the next 60 days, an action may be dismissed by the court on
its own motion or on the motion of an interested person). |
[14] |
Rather than attempting to move this action to
completion by having it set for trial, the Association claimed that it was
being unreasonably prejudiced by the Bank's "undue delay in pursuing
their [sic] foreclosure" action, making it fair and equitable for the
court to order the Bank to pay monthly assessment payments to the
Association. The trial court agreed. We reverse. |
[15] |
As the Association concedes, the Bank is not
contractually obligated to pay condominium maintenance fees on this unit.
Nor, as section 718.116(1)(b), Florida Statutes (2009) confirms, is it
legally obligated to do so before it obtains title: |
[16] |
(b) The liability of a first mortgagee . . . who
acquire[s] title to a unit by foreclosure or by deed in lieu of
foreclosure for the unpaid assessments that become due prior to the
mortgagee's acquisition of title is limited to the lesser of: |
[17] |
1. The unit's unpaid common expenses and regularly
periodic assessments which accrued or came due during the 6 months
immediately preceding the acquisition of title . . . or |
[18] |
2. One percent of the original mortgage debt. . . . |
[19] |
See Bay Holdings, Inc. v. 2000 Island Blvd. Condo.
Ass'n, 895 So. 2d 1197, 1197 (Fla. 3d DCA 2005) (noting that section
718.116(1) is a "safe harbor provision" that "provides a
statutory cap on liability of foreclosing mortgagees for unpaid
condominium assessments that become due prior to the first mortgagee's
acquisition of title pursuant to a foreclosure proceeding"). |
[20] |
Since no claim was made below to justify imposition
of a sanction against the Bank for failing to proceed as quickly as the
Condominium Association would like, and no basis for imposition of a
sanction appears in the record to exist, the instant order cannot be
sustained on this ground. Finally, we reject the notion that equity and
fairness supports this order. The law is that a first mortgagee may be
required to pay condominium maintenance fees after it acquires title and
then only in a limited amount. Since equity follows the law, it cannot be
utilized to impose this obligation without limitation before title is
passed. See Davis v. Starling, 799 So. 2d 373, 378 (Fla. 4th DCA 2001)
(noting that "equity follows the law and cannot be used to eliminate
its established rules"); Laws v. Laws, 364 So. 2d 798, 801 (Fla. 4th
DCA 1978) ("It is apparent that the trial court was attempting to do
'equity' in the case, but in that quest for 'equity', the legal rights of
the respective parties cannot be trammelled"); 22 Fla. Jur. 2d Equity
§ 2 ("[I]f an issue is clearly governed by established legal rules,
equity may not interfere and disregard the controlling legal principles.
Thus, equity is often under the influence of legal rules; in its quest to
do equity, a court cannot trammel the legal rights of the parties.")
(footnotes omitted); see also Nordberg v. Green, 638 So. 2d 91, 93 (Fla.
3d DCA 1994) ("[C]courts of equity have [no] right or power under the
law of Florida to issue such order it considers to be in the best interest
of 'social justice' at the particular moment without regard to established
law." (quoting Flagler v. Flagler, 94 So. 2d 592, 594 (Fla. 1957))). |
[21] |
Accordingly, the order on appeal is reversed. |
|